Most people look forward to warmer weather. It motivates us to get outside, and after an extended period of mostly staying indoors, who isn’t ready for that? But not everyone thrives in summer heat. Older people’s bodies don’t handle excessive heat in the same way they once did. For example, older adults don’t regulate their body temperature as well as when they were younger. They don’t store fat in the same way. They don’t perspire as much, and if exposed to high humidity as well as high heat, they can develop serious health issues. Senior citizens are more susceptible to heat stroke, and underlying conditions such as congestive heart failure, diabetes, and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) pose an increased risk of heat-related health complications for them. UV rays from the summer sun are a risk factor for skin cancer, which can be a serious threat for seniors. If you are an older adult, or you have older loved ones, be extra mindful during the summer months and follow these summer safety tips to protect yourself and them from heat- and sun-related health problems.
A growing problem among baby boomers
Climate Central, an independent organization of scientists and journalists researching and reporting facts on the changing climate, has cited heat as the top weather killer, surpassing hurricanes and tornadoes. Their report goes on to say that each year, some 12,000 Americans die from heat-related causes, and more than 80% of them are ages 60 or older. When the temperature climbs above 80 degrees, older adults need to be proactive and take precautions, watch for the warning signs, and avoid the potential dangers of excessive heat.
The most common heat-related afflictions
Too much heat isn’t safe for anyone, and prolonged exposure to excessive heat can lead to any of a number of illnesses, collectively known as hyperthermia. Here’s a brief rundown:
Heat syncope is sudden dizziness that can happen during physical activity in hot weather. If an individual isn’t used to high temperatures or is taking a heart medication called a beta blocker, they’re even more likely to feel faint. Have them rest in a cool place, legs up, and drink water to make the dizzy feeling go away.
Heat cramps are the painful tightening of muscles in the stomach, arms, or legs that can result from physical exertion in high temperatures. Though body temperature and pulse usually remain normal during heat cramps, the skin can feel moist and cool. Rest in the shade or inside a cool building to cool down. Drink plenty of water.
Heat edema is a swelling in the ankles and feet as a result of overheating. Elevate the legs to help reduce swelling. If that doesn’t work fairly quickly, get to a doctor.
Heat exhaustion is a warning that the body can no longer keep itself cool. The signs may include feeling thirsty, dizzy, weak, uncoordinated and nauseated. There may be profuse perspiration. Though body temperature may remain normal, the skin might feel cold and clammy. Some people with heat exhaustion have a rapid pulse. Rest in a cool place and drink plenty of fluids. If the individual doesn’t recover soon, get medical care. Be advised — heat exhaustion can quickly progress to heat stroke.
Heat stroke is a medical emergency. It occurs when the body reaches a temperature of 104 degrees or higher, typically following prolonged exposure to excessive heat. Symptoms can include confusion, altered speech, nausea or vomiting, rapid breathing, and a racing heartbeat. Older people living in homes or apartments without air conditioning or fans are at greatest risk for heat stroke.
Here comes the sun
As we age, the skin becomes thinner and more susceptible to sunburn and other damage. Older adults are at higher risk for common types of skin cancer, according to the National Council on Skincare Prevention. The cumulative effect of decades of UV exposure increases risk because of decreased autoimmune function. Benign skin lesions, brown spots, and other signs of aging might also make it more difficult for older adults to identify potentially malignant spots in time for effective treatment. Melanoma is the most serious form of skin cancer, and now accounts for about 3% of skin cancer cases.
Recognizing the signs of melanoma
- A change in the appearance of skin, especially in the size or color of a mole, growth, or spot, or a new growth (even if it’s colorless)
- Moles with irregular edges or borders
- Scaliness, oozing, bleeding, or a change in the way a bump or nodule looks
- A sore that doesn’t heal
- The spread of pigmentation (color) beyond its border, such as dark coloring that spreads past the edge of a mole· A change in sensation, such as itchiness, tenderness or pain
Six common sense solutions for summer safety
Stay hydrated. Everyone should drink eight glasses of water a day, especially those over 65. Seniors lose some ability to conserve water as they age. They don’t always realize when they’re dehydrated and thus are prone to experience heat stroke. Diuretics from caffeine or medication are also contributing factors. Reportedly, up to half the older people brought to the ER during the summer months are there because of dehydration.
Dress appropriately. Light-colored, loose-fitting clothing will keep a person cooler. Breathable fabrics like cotton also help regulate body temperature. Wear a hat with a broad brim and polarized sunglasses to keep the sun’s rays out of the face and eyes.
Wear sunscreen. This is important for seniors because prescription medications can make the skin more sensitive to the sun. Applying a broad-spectrum sunscreen with an SPF of at least 30 will help avoid sunburn.
Avoid exposure to the sun. Particularly for prolonged periods of time. This means anything more than 10 or 15 minutes, especially on days where the temperature reaches above 90 degrees. Try to plan outdoor activities for the early morning or after the sun sets.
Take advantage of air conditioning. Spending time in the fresh air — in the shade — is an enjoyable part of summer, but older people especially should seek to have a number of public and private venues available where they can relax in the comfort of AC.
Know when to cool down. If you’re feeling overheated, take a bath or shower in neutral temperature water to cool down. You can also apply cool washcloths to the neck, wrists and armpits. Because poor circulation, heart disease, high blood pressure, and an inability to perspire due to certain medications place seniors at higher risk of heat-related illnesses, they (and you) need to be extra vigilant.
Keeping cool at Canterbury Court.
Independent living at Canterbury Court in Buckhead offers a safe, pleasurable retreat from the summer heat of the city. This lush green space with nearly 6 acres of tranquil gardens creates the perfect setting to relax safely outdoors. Inside, residents can dine and socialize with an array of amenities designed for comfort.
Learn more about Atlanta’s original Life Plan Community — Canterbury Court. We invite you to contact us anytime through our website or by calling 1-404-857-3927.